Number base converter
Convert signed integers and fractions between any bases from 2 to 36. Results include common binary, octal, decimal and hexadecimal representations, with repeating fractional digits identified.
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Bitwise calculator
Calculate AND, OR, XOR, NOT, logical and arithmetic shifts, and left or right rotations within 8, 16, 32 or 64-bit words.
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IEEE 754 floating-point converter
See exactly how a decimal number is stored as a float, double, half, bfloat16, FP8 or quadruple-precision value, with the exact stored value, rounding error, precision and every step. Decode hex or binary bit patterns too.
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Two’s complement calculator
Convert decimals to two’s complement binary and back at any width from 4 to 256 bits, negate numbers, and add, subtract or multiply with carries, overflow flags and step-by-step working.
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What are number systems?
A number system assigns place values using a base. Decimal uses ten digits, binary uses two, octal uses eight and hexadecimal uses sixteen. Computers store data as binary, while hexadecimal provides a shorter, readable notation for the same bits.
Where these tools are useful
Programmers use them for masks, permissions, colours, encodings and low-level debugging. Networking students convert address fields, while electronics learners inspect registers and logic operations.